Method of making tiles.



No. 660,809. Patented Oct. 30,4900. F. K. CHEESE. METHOD OF MAKINGTILES.

(Application filed Aug. 6, 1900.)

(No Model.)

m: norms Firms co. Puma-Luna. wguumurou. o. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK K. CHEESE, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

METHOD OF MAKING TILES SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.660,809, d t d O t b 30, 1900.

Application filed August 6, 1900- Serial No. 26,046. (No specimens.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Beit known that I, FRANK KINDER CHEESE, engineer, a subject of the Queenof Great Britain, residing at 19 Beechdale road, Brixton Hill, London,in the county of Surrey, England, haveinvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Processes of Making Glass Tiles, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to improved means for preparing the backs ofglass tiles to admit of their being fixed by cement to the surfaces ofwalls and the like for internal and external decoration.

Heretofore the backs of glass tiles have been first coated over with afusible vitreous paste, and all over this sand or glass granules havebeen sprinkled. The tiles have then been submitted to heat, which fusesthe paste and causes the granules to adhere to the glass. In this Waythe entire surface of the back of the tile has been covered with material to which the cement used for fixing the tiles to the surface ofwalls or the like will adhere, and consequently when the tiles are beingset they are frequently broken by the expansion or contraction of thecement used.

According to my invention I attach, as hereinafter described, smalllumps or granules to the back of the glass, while at the same timeleaving the surface of the glass in the spaces between the lumps orgranules entirely uncovered, so that at these parts the cement will notadhere and so freedom is given for the cement to expand or contractwithout breaking the glass. To effect this, in place of using granulesof sand or glass, as heretofore, I form small lumps or granules of amixture which is held cemented together by gum or the like and iscomposed of sand, powdered asbestos, or the like and matters which whenexposed to heat will fuse together. The lumps or granules mayadvantageously be composed of a mixture of sand, powdered or dividedasbestos, oxid of lead,

- borax, and gum in the proportion, say, of

lowed to dry, and when dry it can be crushed into granules "of therequired size. Such crushed granules 'being irregular in shape, will inthe majority of cases when attached to the back of the glass presentsome undercut surface for the cement by which the glass is subsequentlyto be fixed in place to lay hold of; but the same result can be obtainedby forming'the dough, before it is allowed to dry, into small lumps orgranules of globular form or molding it into small lumps or granules ofother shape, which will insure that in whatever position they rest onthe glass they shall presentsome undercut surface or surfaces. Inapplying these granules to the back of the glass the surface of theglass, which may be either plain or colored, is first damped with cleanwater and the small lumps or granules of the mixture are sprinkled overit. The gum which they contain then causes them to adhere to the glass,each granule being selfaffixing. The glass is then fired. In a fewminutes the fusible materials in the lumps or granules fuse together andthe lumps or granules become securely attached to the glass. The glassmay then be removed from the heat and allowed to cool slowly.

The annexed drawings show a glass tile made in accordance with thisinvention.

Figure l is a back View, and Fig. 2 is asection' made to an enlargedsize.

a is the tile, and b the small lumps or granules.

What I claim is 1. The hereinbefore-described process of manufacturing aglass tile with roughened back by moistening the back of the tile,dropping onto it small lumps formed from a mixture held together bycementing material and composed of finely-divided infusible solid material admixed with materials which will fuse together and unite withthe surface of the glass, and then heating the glass to fuse the fusiblematerial in the lumps, substantially as set forth.

2. The hereinbefore-desc ribed process of manufacturing a glass tilewith roughened back by moistening the back of the tile, dropping onto itsmall lumps formed from a mixture held together by cementing materialand composed of finely-divided inf usible solid material admixed withmaterials which will fuse 2 eedso With it and with the surface of theglass, and then heating the glass to fuse the fusible material in thelumps substantially as set forth.

3. The hereinbefore-described process of manufacturing a glass tile withroughened back, consisting in first admixing granular material such assand with materials which will fuse when heated and with a cementingsolution, allowing the mixture to harden, crushing the mixture after ithas become hard into small lumps, moistening the back of the sheet ofglass to be coated, sprinkling the lumps over the moistened back andthen heating the glass to fuse the fusible material in the lumpssubstantially as set forth.

4. The herein before-described process of manufacturing a glass tile.With roughened back by moistening the back of the tile, dropping on itlumps composed partly of mate rials which will fuse together and to theglass and partly of cementing material which will adhere to themoistened back of the glass, and then heating the glass to fuse thefusible material in the lumps substantially as set forth.

5. The hereinbeforedescribed process of manufacturing a glass tile withroughened back by moistening the back of the tile, dropping onto itlumps composed of a mixture of sand, asbestos, oxid of lead, borax andgum, and then heating the glass to fuse the fusible material in thelumps.

FRANK K. CHEESE.

